Avoid the Rebate Rush: Book in Now for the NSW Battery Incentive Book Now
Book Now

What are Microgrids vs. Virtual Power Plants?⚡Australia 2024

Posted 30 May

How DER's, Microgrids, & VPP's are Changing Australia's Energy

Australia is currently undergoing a rapid transition into renewable energy, with the mass-adoption of solar and battery storage. But there is another rapidly growing industry that is mostly hidden... Microgrids & VPP’s.

With the evolving world of new energy technologies, we seem to have many abbreviations and titles popping up everywhere.
So, what is a Microgrid, VPP, or DER? Good news - it’s quite easy to get your head around.


What is a Microgrid?

A microgrid is a localised electrical system that can work independently (islanded), or along-side the main grid and usually involves a mix of power sources such as solar and battery storage which can shift independently providing reliable power to properties.

Because you consume self-generated energy, you reduce the need for grid power, instantly lowering your bills.

What’s a Virtual Power Plant (VPP)?

A Virtual Power Plant is a decentralised collective of properties which individually produce and store energy (DER in the form of Solar and Battery).

This energy production and storage can be fed into the grid, supplementing grid imbalances which stabilises the electrical network, whilst rewarding the participant.

What’s a Distributed Energy Resource (DER)?

Distributed energy resources generally refer to small-scale energy generation technologies located close to where it will be consumed. These resources include; solar, wind, battery storage, EV’s (through vehicle-to-grid), generators, and other various methods.  




Summary

 DER 

Distributed Energy Resource: Solar, Battery, or individual local energy production.

 Microgrid 

Both local, independent energy production and consumption.

 VPP 

Virtual Power Plant: Coordinates DER’s to supplement imbalances in the grid (Demand response).

 DR 

Demand Response: Shifting energy for grid balance in high and low demand periods.

 

What’s the difference between a Microgrid and VPP?

Whilst they sound similar there is a difference between Microgrid’s and VPP’s.

Microgrids are designed for local energy production and consumption with the owners prioritised, however whilst VPP’s also work on local energy production, they are designed to distribute and aggregate energy production into the grid for optimised grid efficiency and stability.

This essentially means that Virtual Power Plants aren’t a microgrid, but a microgrid could participate in a VPP.

Most homes with solar and a battery system are a microgrid, where the property creates and stores its own power through the day and continues to consume it when the sun is down. This system can proceed even through grid network outages, providing a reliable continuation of energy within that micro-grid.

One exception to VPPs not being able to provide energy to your home during power outages, is Amber Smartshift which by confusingly isn’t a VPP by definition, but also is, floats between being a microgrid and VPP, feeding into the grid.

A VPP is a program that you can sign up with your energy provider such as Amber. Each company will have various plans and offers through their own programs for you to join.

Why do Virtual Power Plants exist?

We created a whole article around VPPs, but in summary, they are designed for distribution flexibility in our geographical consumption, providing a quick solution for demand response and on-peak energy periods.

Say if you had solar and a battery and were a part of a VPP, this would allow the provider to take energy out to supplement the grid in high-peak periods, and sometimes even reward you to charge your battery when the grid is very low demand.

Solar panels on a home
Tesla Powerwall 3

What is Demand response?

Demand response (DR) or Demand Management is a program in Australia that is used as an efficient way of providing flexible energy distribution to help with grid stability and reliability.

VPP customers can participate in shifting or reducing their electricity usage during peak periods for incentives, which plays a large part in balancing supply and demand in the electrical network.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Microgrids?

Advantages

Local, Self Produced Energy

Rely on local energy produced by your own system for optimal self-reliance.

Reduced Grid Reliance

Remove the strong reliance on grid energy consumption and save.

Energy Cost Savings

Save on your bills and quicken return-on-investment timeframes.

Increased Sustainability

Rely on renewable energy to power your everyday life and lower your carbon footprint.

Scalability & Reliability

Scale to your requirements and enjoy a reliable backup storage system for grid outages.

Disadvantages

High Initial Investment Cost

Initially purchasing a system may be expensive, depending on the desired system.

Limited Capacity

Batteries can only store so much, so getting the right sized battery is important.

Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning Energy Distribution

We seem to be seeing the term ‘AI powered’ thrown around everywhere at the moment, but that isn’t limited to phones. The energy grid is becoming smarter in the way it distributes power, with new algorithms and machine learning taking the wheel.

We see a future where using machine learning, the grid can remain flexible, both producing and consuming power where it is demanded, optimising the balance in the overall network.

Grid and wind energy

Solar and battery system

Microgrids and VPP’s in Australia

So now that you know what these terms mean, what do they mean for Australia's Energy Management?

Australia has and still is taking advantage of the great opportunities we have in solar production all throughout Australia, but how will VPP’s and Microgrids change our energy ecosystem?

The National Energy Market (NEM) could stand to benefit greatly from VPP’s and Microgrids, as more and more homes adopt solar and battery storage systems, it reduces stress on the grid in peak demand periods (like a hot afternoon/night when everyone has their air conditioning on). If all properties were VPP’s or Microgrids, this would greatly reduce the overall grid demand as each property would be self-sufficient (in a perfect world).

Geographical Advantages

Because Australia has such a large, diverse range of properties spread out across all the states, energy can be hard to distribute. In suburbs like Weilmoringle, energy can be quite scarce in a limited grid, but a microgrid installation can allow properties to be self-dependent in keeping the lights on, with excess energy being fed into the grid to help power other properties.

Capitalising on Existing Solar

Australia are world leaders in rooftop solar energy which means that our existing renewable production is high. With the addition of battery storage and VPP programs, this would stabilise our energy through the nights, and allow for more efficient demand response resulting in fewer grid outages.
Whilst we have strong production through the day, we are still highly reliant on grid energy at night when the sun is down. Battery systems in a VPP would help supplement the grid with renewable energy 24/7.

Contributing to NetZero

As Australians continue to adopt Solar and Battery systems, Microgrids will continue to be formed all over the country. We are seeing a rapid adoption in the Newcastle and Hunter region Renewable Energy Zone (REZ), which is all contributing to the NetZero 2030 goal.
Services like VPP’s will allow for greater returns on energy systems, encouraging more participants to join the network. This will be an integral part in allowing for all properties to be powered by renewable energy.

A World of Integration

We are seeing a world where everything is being integrated with everything, including our energy.
Companies all over the world like Tesla, are evolving the way we produce, consume, and store energy with completely integrated systems, and with the addition of putting all these integrated energy management systems into a big, decentralised network, we see a huge opportunity for energy security and greatly reduced reliance on fossil fuels.


How do Microgrids and VPP’s affect Electric Vehicles?

Because of the trend in electric vehicle adoption, we are seeing a huge number of EV Chargers being installed as Australia upgrades its overall refuelling infrastructure to accommodate the uptake.

The supply of chargers is one side of the challenge, where the other side is finding the energy to charge the vehicles with. Most people charge their electric vehicles when they get home from work, which is just before or a little after the sun goes down – meaning they can’t charge straight from solar panels.

This is where battery storage and being a microgrid comes into play. Because you are storing renewable energy in your battery, you can use the solar energy stored to charge your battery. You can alternatively charge your EV during the night when low tariffs are available.

Microgrid Diagram

This is where battery storage and being a microgrid comes into play. Because you are storing renewable energy in your battery, you can use the solar energy stored to charge your battery. You can alternatively charge your EV during the night when low tariffs are available.

From the other perspective, vehicle-to-grid could play a significant role in Virtual Power Plants and Microgrids where the vehicle’s battery could act as a mobile home battery (V2H) and feed into the grid (V2G), providing further stability.


Conclusion

As solar and battery installers, we are seeing innovations everywhere, combined with rapid adoption, industry wide. The continual release and adoption of Microgrids and VPP’s clearly indicate that we are undoubtedly heading towards this kind of future for our energy.

The combination of Australian renewable energy sources, as well as innovative and futuristic systems like Vehicle-to-grid, Smart Grids etc. which all contribute to Australia’s transition to a sustainable future.

Whilst we are in the transition, it’s hard to identify main trends that will surface, but right now we see a great opportunity for solar and battery adoption for homes and businesses, as well as VPP programs like Amber.



 

Our Latest Blogs


2025, the Year of Vehicle-to-Grid in Australia⚡V2G Milestone

The journey of bidirectional charging in Australia has hit a milestone with the recent approval of the new standard for vehicle-to-grid (V2G) charging for 2025.


NSW Battery Rebate 2024: Subsidy Eligibility & Pricing🔋2024

Explore battery eligibility & pricing for the upcoming Peak Demand Reduction Scheme (PDRS), solar battery 'rebate' incentive for NSW in November 1, 2024.


How Daylight Savings & Winter vs. Summer Affects Solar⚡NSW

Explore how daylight savings and seasonal changes during winter and summer can affect your solar panels performance and solar generation in NSW, Australia.

 


Leave a Comment

First and Last Names
E-mail Address



Renewable News Articles

Subscribe for the Latest Updates.

Are you interested in finding out about:


Solar Solutions

Solar Solutions >

Electrical

Electrical Solutions >

EV Charging

EV Charging Solutions >

Battery Storage

Storage Solutions >



"Great customer service and communication. All explanations were easy to understand and very efficient in the installation. Highly recommend."


5 Star Review
John Customer





"It was efficiently installed and works great, very happy with it."


5 Star Review

Peter Customer




"Elite installed our solar recently and done an excellent job. Smooth transaction from start to finish. Would highly recommend."

5 Star Review
Ursh & Mike Customer





"Excellent and professional service from the whole team. Would recommend to all!"

5 Star Review


Nestor Customer



"We are very happy with our experience with Elite Power Group for the installation of a new home battery. Elite’s team responded very quickly to our initial enquiry and installed our battery when planned. Thank you for great service."

5 Star Review
Gerard Customer



"We recently had our solar system replaced and upgraded to an 11.44 kW system with battery and off grid capabilities. Between Jared and Scott (director) they were extremely professional and efficient with their knowledge and service..."

5 Star Review
Melanie Customer



"No sales pitch or pressure tactics at all. Easy to deal with and very responsive. Installed my Tesla Powerwall when they said they would. Way ahead of the 3 other solar battery suppliers I previously dealt with."

5 Star Review
Paul Customer



"I couldn't recommend these guys more, just finished up an additional solar and battery install, and everyone from initial day 1 inquiry on has been a pleasure to deal with."

5 Star Review
Chad Customer



"The team at Elite Power Group were fantastic. The job to put 31 panels on our roof with terracotta roof tiles was technical where a lot of roofing and other solar companies would not even touch.."


5 Star Review
Troy Customer